13C-pyruvate + 13C-lactate + dichloroacetate

This is a combination of three agents: - **13C-pyruvate** and **13C-lactate** are stable isotope-labeled forms of pyruvate and lactate, commonly used as metabolic tracers in research to study cellular metabolism and flux through glycolytic and mitochondrial pathways. - **Dichloroacetate (DCA)** is a small molecule inhibitor of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK). By inhibiting PDKs, DCA activates the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDH), promoting the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA rather than lactate. This shifts cellular metabolism from anaerobic glycolysis toward aerobic oxidation. DCA has been studied for its effects on energy metabolism in conditions such as sepsis, cancer, metabolic disorders, and platelet function[1][2][4]. The combination may be used experimentally to trace metabolic pathways using labeled substrates while pharmacologically modulating PDH activity with DCA.

Other names

13C-pyruvate13C-lactatedichloroacetateDCA