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2'-fluoro-5-ethylarabinosyluracil (FAU, also known as FEAU) is a synthetic nucleoside analog belonging to the pyrimidine class. It has been investigated primarily for its antiviral and anticancer properties. FAU acts as an antimetabolite, interfering with DNA synthesis by mimicking natural nucleosides and being incorporated into viral or cellular DNA. Its mechanism of action involves selective phosphorylation by herpes simplex virus (HSV) thymidine kinase, leading to preferential incorporation into HSV-infected cells' DNA, thereby inhibiting viral replication while sparing uninfected host cells. Preclinical studies have demonstrated potent anti-herpes simplex virus activity with low toxicity in mammalian models. FAU has also been studied in clinical trials for various lymphomas including mantle cell lymphoma and Waldenström macroglobulinemia[1][2][3][6].
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