22(S)-hydroxycholesterol

22(S)-hydroxycholesterol is a synthetic oxysterol and a stereoisomer of the endogenous oxysterol 22(R)-hydroxycholesterol. It acts as an antagonist of the Liver X Receptors (LXRs), specifically LXRα and LXRβ. Unlike its 22(R) epimer, which is a potent LXR agonist, 22(S)-hydroxycholesterol counteracts LXR activation, thereby reducing lipogenesis, lipid accumulation, and the expression of LXR target genes such as SREBP-1c and MCP-1. It has been investigated in preclinical research for its potential therapeutic applications in metabolic disorders (such as obesity and type 2 diabetes), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD/MASLD), lung fibrosis, and breast cancer metastasis, where it inhibits cell migration by downregulating MTA1 and HIF-1α.

Other names

22(S)-HC22(S)-hydroxy cholesterol22-S-hydroxy cholesterol22-S-hydroxycholesterol22S-hydroxycholesterol22SHC5-cholestene-3beta,22(S)-diolcholest-5-ene-3beta,22(S)-diolcholest-5-ene-3ß,22(S)-diol