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5-fluorouracil + leucovorin + paclitaxel (often referred to as LV5FU2-paclitaxel in this context) is a combination chemotherapy regimen being investigated for the treatment of metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The regimen combines the taxane paclitaxel, which stabilizes microtubules to prevent cancer cell division, with the antimetabolite 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and its biochemical modulator leucovorin (calcium levofolinate). 5-FU inhibits thymidylate synthase, an enzyme essential for DNA synthesis, while leucovorin enhances this inhibition by stabilizing the binding of 5-FU to the enzyme. This specific combination and its administration schedule (LV5FU2) are being evaluated by the Centre Oscar Lambret in the Phase II E-DIS2 trial to determine if continuing treatment beyond six weeks provides a clinical benefit for patients who do not show disease progression after initial therapy.
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