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9-cis retinoic acid + metformin
- Development stage
- Unknown
- Modality
- Small Molecules
- Administration
- Oral, Topical
01
Overview
This is a combination of two distinct drugs with different mechanisms of action. 9-cis retinoic acid (alitretinoin) is a naturally occurring endogenous retinoid that binds to and activates both retinoic acid receptors (RAR) and retinoid X receptors (RXR), enhancing gene transcription. It affects gene expression that inhibits cell proliferation, induces cell differentiation, and triggers apoptosis. Metformin is an antidiabetic agent that reduces glucose production in the liver, increases insulin sensitivity, and improves blood sugar control in type 2 diabetes.
- Other names
- alitretinoin + metformin
02
Targets
RARA (Retinoic acid receptor alpha)AMPK (Adenosine monophosphate–activated protein kinase)GSEC (Gamma-Secretase Complex)GPD2 (Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 2)RARB (Retinoic acid receptor beta)ND1 (Mitochondrial electron transport chain complex I)RXRG (RXRγ)RXRA (Retinoid X receptor alpha)
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