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all-trans retinoic acid + interferon-alpha + ribavirin
- Development stage
- Discontinued
- Modality
- Small Molecules
- Administration
- Oral, Subcutaneous
01
Overview
**All-trans retinoic acid + interferon-alpha + ribavirin** is an investigational combination therapy primarily explored for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, particularly in difficult-to-treat patients such as genotype 1 non-responders to prior pegylated interferon-alpha and ribavirin. All-trans retinoic acid (tretinoin), a retinoid, promotes cellular differentiation and modulates immune responses; interferon-alpha induces antiviral states and immune activation via JAK-STAT signaling; ribavirin, a guanosine analog, inhibits viral RNA synthesis and enhances T-cell responses. The combination aims to overcome resistance but trials showed no significant benefit over standard therapy, with limited efficacy (e.g., low sustained virologic response rates) and tolerability issues.
- Other names
- tretinoin + peg-interferon + ribavirin
02
Targets
RARA (Retinoic acid receptor alpha)RdRp (Coronavirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase)IFNAR (Immune system modulation via type I interferon receptor)IMPDH (Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase 1)
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