allogeneic natural killer cell therapy (Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris)

Allogeneic natural killer (NK) cell therapy is an adoptive cellular immunotherapy involving the infusion of NK cells derived from a healthy donor (often a haploidentical family member) into a patient. This therapy is typically administered following a lymphodepleting chemotherapy regimen (such as fludarabine and cyclophosphamide) to facilitate the in vivo persistence and expansion of the donor cells. In the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), these allogeneic NK cells exert anti-leukemic effects through direct cell-mediated cytotoxicity. A key mechanism involves KIR/KIR-ligand mismatching, where the donor NK cells' killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) do not recognize the recipient's MHC class I molecules as self, thereby triggering an alloreactive response that kills leukemic blasts. This specific intervention was investigated by Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris in a Phase I/II clinical trial (NCT01947322) for patients with poor-prognosis AML.

Other names

allogenic NK cells infusionhaploidentical natural killer cellshaploidentical NK-cell infusionadoptive NK cell transfer