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atezolizumab + metformin + nivolumab + pembrolizumab

Development stage: Unknown
Lead developer: Genentech
Modality: Monoclonal Antibodies → Antibody-Based Therapeutics, Small Molecules
Administration: Intravenous, Oral

Overview

This is a combination of four drugs: three immune checkpoint inhibitors (atezolizumab, nivolumab, and pembrolizumab) and metformin. Atezolizumab is a PD-L1 inhibitor, while nivolumab and pembrolizumab are PD-1 inhibitors. These checkpoint inhibitors work by preventing the interaction between PD-1 and PD-L1, removing inhibition of immune responses seen in some cancers. Metformin is traditionally an antidiabetic medication that has been studied for potential anticancer properties. This specific four-drug combination is not standard of care and likely represents an experimental approach or research concept.

Targets

ND1 (Mitochondrial electron transport chain complex I)PDCD1 (Programmed cell death protein 1 receptor)CD274 (Programmed cell death protein 1 ligand 1)

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