azathioprine + betamethasone

A combination of the immunosuppressant azathioprine and the corticosteroid betamethasone. Azathioprine is an immunosuppressive agent that inhibits purine synthesis, affecting DNA and RNA production in rapidly dividing cells like T and B lymphocytes. It also modulates the activation of rac1, inducing T cell apoptosis. Betamethasone is a potent synthetic glucocorticoid that works through genomic and non-genomic pathways, inhibiting inflammatory transcription factors like NF-Kappa B, reducing neutrophil activity, and promoting anti-inflammatory gene expression. This combination is used to treat various inflammatory and autoimmune conditions including vitiligo, parthenium dermatitis, and autoimmune hepatitis.