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bacillus thuringiensis israelensis + bacillus sphaericus
- Development stage
- Unknown
- Lead developer
- Central Life Sciences
- Modality
- Synthetic Biology Platforms → Engineered Microbial Therapeutics → Microbiome Therapeutics, Fresh FMT → Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) → Microbiome Therapeutics, Yeast Strains → Single Strain Products → Live Biotherapeutic Products → Microbiome Therapeutics, Bacterial Strains → Single Strain Products → Live Biotherapeutic Products → Microbiome Therapeutics, Defined Consortia → Multi-strain Products → Live Biotherapeutic Products → Microbiome Therapeutics, Frozen FMT → Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) → Microbiome Therapeutics, Genetically Modified Bacteria → Engineered Microbial Therapeutics → Microbiome Therapeutics, Microbial Metabolites → Microbiome-Derived Products → Microbiome Therapeutics, Microbial Proteins → Microbiome-Derived Products → Microbiome Therapeutics, Complex Communities → Multi-strain Products → Live Biotherapeutic Products → Microbiome Therapeutics
- Administration
- Topical
01
Overview
FourStar is a long-lasting microbial larvicide (LLML) formulation developed for the control of malaria-transmitting mosquito larvae. It is a slow-release briquet containing two active biological ingredients: 1% Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies israelensis (Bti), Strain BMP 144, and 6% Bacillus sphaericus (Bs) Serotype H5a5b, Strain AML614. The formulation is designed to release bacterial toxins into aquatic larval habitats over an extended period (90 to 180 days). Upon ingestion by mosquito larvae, these toxins disrupt the larval midgut, leading to mortality. The product has been evaluated in cluster-randomized trials in the western Kenya highlands to determine its efficacy and cost-effectiveness in reducing malaria transmission and clinical incidence.
- Brand names
- FourStar
- Other names
- Fourstar + Bti + BsLLMLLong-Lasting Microbial Larvicide
02
Targets
Cpm1/Cqm1 (Culex pipiens maltase 1 / Culex quinquefasciatus maltase 1 alpha-glucosidase)ALP (Alkaline phosphatase)AMY (Pancreatic alpha-amylase)ANPEP (Aminopeptidase N)
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