bevacizumab + nivolumab + temozolomide

This is a combination therapy consisting of three distinct medications used in the treatment of brain cancers, particularly glioblastoma. The combination includes bevacizumab (an anti-angiogenic therapy), nivolumab (an immune checkpoint inhibitor), and temozolomide (an alkylating chemotherapy agent). Clinical trials have investigated this combination for both newly diagnosed and recurrent glioblastoma patients. Bevacizumab works by inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), nivolumab targets the PD-1 pathway to enhance T-cell immune response, and temozolomide is an alkylating agent that damages DNA in cancer cells.