BI 1356 + ethinylestradiol + levonorgestrel

This product is a **combination** of three active pharmaceutical ingredients: - **BI 1356 (linagliptin)**: a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, used primarily for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus by increasing incretin levels, which in turn inhibits glucagon release, increases insulin secretion, and decreases gastric emptying. - **Ethinylestradiol**: a synthetic estrogen, most commonly used in combination hormonal contraceptives and for treating menstrual and gynecological disorders. Its mechanism involves binding to and activating the estrogen receptor, influencing development and regulation of the female reproductive system and secondary sexual characteristics. - **Levonorgestrel**: a synthetic progestogen (progestin) also widely used in contraception and hormone therapy. It acts by binding to and activating the progesterone receptor, suppressing ovulation and inhibiting endometrial maturation. No product combining these specific three agents is currently marketed or described in medical literature. Each component has independent clinical uses and well-defined mechanisms of action, but the combination is not standard and safety/efficacy data on the simultaneous use of all three is not available from regulatory or clinical sources.

Other names

linagliptin + ethinylestradiol + levonorgestrel