bupivacaine + iohexol

caudal-Institute of Child Health refers to a specific pharmacological combination used in clinical research conducted by the Institute of Child Health (Great Ormond Street Hospital) to study the anatomical distribution of caudal anesthesia in pediatric patients. The intervention consists of the local anesthetic **bupivacaine** (typically at a concentration of 0.175%) mixed with the non-ionic radiopaque contrast agent **iohexol** (typically 180 mg/ml). Bupivacaine acts as a sodium channel blocker, inhibiting the influx of sodium ions through voltage-gated channels in nerve cell membranes, thereby preventing the initiation and conduction of nerve impulses to provide regional anesthesia. Iohexol is included to facilitate radiological visualization of the anesthetic's spread within the epidural space via X-ray or fluoroscopy. This combination was primarily utilized in a radiological study (such as NCT00131612) to determine how different injection volumes affect the cephalad spread and clinical efficacy of caudal blocks in children aged 1 to 7 years.

Other names

caudal-Institute of Child Healthcaudal local anaestheticbupivacaine and iohexol mixture