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Buspirone + melatonin is a combination of two agents, buspirone and melatonin, investigated primarily for their potential synergistic effects in neuropsychiatric conditions. Buspirone is an anxiolytic agent that acts as a partial agonist at the serotonin 5-HT1A receptor and has some dopaminergic activity. Melatonin is an endogenous hormone regulating circadian rhythms and sleep-wake cycles, acting mainly through melatonin receptors MT1 and MT2. Preclinical studies have shown that the combination can induce neurogenesis and produce antidepressant-like effects not observed with either agent alone. In clinical trials, low-dose buspirone (15 mg) combined with sustained-release melatonin (3 mg) demonstrated significant antidepressant efficacy in patients with major depressive disorder compared to monotherapy or placebo[2][6]. Animal studies also suggest the combination may attenuate anxiety-like behavior and oxidative stress via serotonergic mechanisms[8].
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