busulfan + melphalan + alemtuzumab

This is a reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) regimen consisting of the alkylating agents busulfan and melphalan, combined with the monoclonal antibody alemtuzumab. Developed by the University of Arizona, it is used as a preparatory treatment for patients undergoing allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT). The regimen aims to provide sufficient immunosuppression and myeloablation to allow donor cell engraftment while minimizing the toxicity associated with traditional high-dose conditioning. Busulfan and melphalan act as DNA alkylators to eradicate malignant cells and create space in the bone marrow, while alemtuzumab targets CD52 on lymphocytes to prevent graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and graft rejection. It is primarily investigated for hematologic neoplasms like multiple myeloma and bone marrow failure syndromes such as aplastic anemia.

Other names

Busulfan/Melphalan/Alemtuzumab conditioning regimenBMA regimen