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celecoxib + interferon-α2b + paclitaxel + rintatolimod

Development stage: Unknown
Lead developer: AIM ImmunoTech
Modality: Spiegelmers → RNA Aptamers → RNA Therapeutics → Nucleic Acid Therapeutics, Vaccine mRNA → mRNA Therapeutics → RNA Therapeutics → Nucleic Acid Therapeutics, DNA Vaccines → Plasmid DNA → DNA Therapeutics → Nucleic Acid Therapeutics, Antisense Oligonucleotides (ASOs) → Long RNA Therapeutics → RNA Therapeutics → Nucleic Acid Therapeutics, Conjugated siRNA → Small Interfering RNA (siRNA) → Small RNA Therapeutics → RNA Therapeutics → Nucleic Acid Therapeutics, Modified DNA Aptamers → DNA Aptamers → DNA Therapeutics → Nucleic Acid Therapeutics, Covalent Small Molecules → Small Molecules, Nucleic Acid-Directed Small Molecules → Small Molecules, Gene Therapy Plasmids → Plasmid DNA → DNA Therapeutics → Nucleic Acid Therapeutics, Protein Replacement mRNA → mRNA Therapeutics → RNA Therapeutics → Nucleic Acid Therapeutics, Gene Editing mRNA → mRNA Therapeutics → RNA Therapeutics → Nucleic Acid Therapeutics, Natural RNA Aptamers → RNA Aptamers → RNA Therapeutics → Nucleic Acid Therapeutics, Unmodified DNA Aptamers → DNA Aptamers → DNA Therapeutics → Nucleic Acid Therapeutics, miRNA Mimics → MicroRNA (miRNA) → Small RNA Therapeutics → RNA Therapeutics → Nucleic Acid Therapeutics, Long Non-coding RNA (lncRNA) → Long RNA Therapeutics → RNA Therapeutics → Nucleic Acid Therapeutics, miRNA Inhibitors → MicroRNA (miRNA) → Small RNA Therapeutics → RNA Therapeutics → Nucleic Acid Therapeutics, Chemically Modified siRNA → Small Interfering RNA (siRNA) → Small RNA Therapeutics → RNA Therapeutics → Nucleic Acid Therapeutics, Modified DNA Oligonucleotides → Antisense DNA → DNA Therapeutics → Nucleic Acid Therapeutics, Single-strand DNA → Antisense DNA → DNA Therapeutics → Nucleic Acid Therapeutics, Cytokines & Interferons → Recombinant Proteins and Enzymes, Classical Binding Small Molecules → Small Molecules
Administration: Oral, Intravenous, Subcutaneous, Intramuscular

Overview

This is a combination regimen consisting of four agents: - **Celecoxib** is a selective COX-2 inhibitor (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug) that reduces inflammation and may inhibit tumor growth by blocking prostaglandin synthesis. - **Interferon-α2b** is a recombinant cytokine with immunomodulatory, antiviral, and antiproliferative properties, used to stimulate immune responses against tumors. - **Paclitaxel** is a taxane-class chemotherapeutic agent that stabilizes microtubules, inhibiting cell division and inducing apoptosis in cancer cells[6][10]. - **Rintatolimod** (also known as Ampligen) is an experimental double-stranded RNA molecule acting as a selective Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) agonist; it modulates the immune system and has been studied for its potential antitumor effects[7][8]. This specific four-drug combination has been investigated in clinical trials primarily for advanced or metastatic cancers. For example, combinations of rintatolimod, celecoxib, interferon alpha 2b—with or without other agents—have been tested in triple negative breast cancer and other malignancies as part of chemokine modulation therapy to enhance antitumor immunity[1][4][9]. Each component targets different aspects of tumor biology—cell proliferation (paclitaxel), inflammation (celecoxib), immune activation (interferon-α2b), and innate immunity stimulation (rintatolimod).

Targets

TLR3 (Toll-like receptor 3)TUBB (Tubulin (alpha and beta subunits))IFNAR (Immune system modulation via type I interferon receptor)PTGS2 (Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthase 2)

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