ciprofloxacin + cotrimoxazole + nitrofurantoin (University of British Columbia)

Ciprofloxacin + cotrimoxazole + nitrofurantoin refers to a therapeutic regimen of three distinct oral antibiotics used interchangeably or sequentially in clinical practice. In the context of a Phase 4 clinical trial led by the University of British Columbia, these agents are evaluated for their efficacy in preventing the recurrence of infection-related kidney stones (struvite stones) following percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone that inhibits bacterial DNA replication by targeting DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. Cotrimoxazole is a synergistic combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole that inhibits sequential steps in the bacterial folic acid synthesis pathway. Nitrofurantoin is a nitrofuran antibiotic that is reduced by bacterial flavoproteins to reactive intermediates, which then damage bacterial ribosomal proteins, DNA, and other macromolecules. The choice of specific agent in the trial is typically guided by patient-specific factors such as urine culture sensitivity and allergy profiles.

Brand names

CiproBactrimSeptraMacrobidMacrodantin

Other names

ciprofloxacin, cotrimoxazole, nitrofurantointrimethoprim + sulfamethoxazole