cisplatin + doxorubicin + vincristine

This is a combination chemotherapy regimen consisting of three cytotoxic agents: cisplatin, doxorubicin, and vincristine. Each drug has a distinct mechanism of action: - **Cisplatin** is a platinum-based compound that forms DNA crosslinks, leading to apoptosis by inhibiting DNA synthesis and function. - **Doxorubicin** is an anthracycline antibiotic that intercalates into DNA, inhibits topoisomerase II, and generates free radicals causing DNA damage. - **Vincristine** is a vinca alkaloid that binds to tubulin and inhibits microtubule formation in the mitotic spindle, arresting cell division at metaphase. This combination has been studied primarily in pediatric oncology for the treatment of intermediate-risk hepatoblastoma (a type of liver cancer), where it may be referred to as part of intensified regimens. The addition of doxorubicin to standard cisplatin/vincristine regimens has shown feasibility and efficacy in clinical trials for unresectable or advanced disease[1][2][3].