cisplatin + etoposide + panobinostat

This is a combination regimen consisting of three drugs—cisplatin, etoposide, and panobinostat—used primarily in oncology research. Cisplatin is a platinum-based chemotherapeutic agent that forms DNA crosslinks and induces apoptosis. Etoposide is a topoisomerase II inhibitor that causes DNA strand breaks, leading to cell death. Panobinostat is a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor that alters gene expression by increasing acetylation of histone proteins, resulting in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Preclinical studies have shown highly synergistic antitumor effects when these agents are combined, particularly through enhanced induction of apoptosis in high-risk neuroblastoma cells[1][3][4]. Early-phase clinical trials have explored this combination as first-line therapy for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer and other solid tumors[2][8]. The regimen aims to exploit complementary mechanisms of action to maximize tumor cell kill.