cyclophosphamide + peginterferon alpha-2a + tislelizumab

This is a combination regimen of **cyclophosphamide** (an alkylating chemotherapy agent), **peginterferon alpha-2a** (a pegylated recombinant interferon used for its antiviral and immunomodulating effects), and **tislelizumab** (a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)), used as a multi-agent immunochemotherapy. Cyclophosphamide acts by cross-linking DNA and inhibiting cell division, primarily affecting rapidly dividing cancer cells. Peginterferon alpha-2a activates the type 1 interferon receptor, stimulating antiviral, antiproliferative, and immunomodulatory pathways, notably through the JAK/STAT pathway[1]. Tislelizumab binds to PD-1 on T-cells, preventing PD-1/PD-L1 interaction and restoring T-cell-mediated antitumor immunity[2][9]. This combination is under clinical investigation for conditions such as lymphomas, especially angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL)[4][6].