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daunorubicin + cytarabine liposome (Jazz Pharmaceuticals plc, 041b48)
- Development stage
- Phase 4
- Lead developer
- Jazz Pharmaceuticals
- Modality
- Small Molecules, Liposomes → Lipid-based Nanoparticles → Nanoparticles → Drug Delivery Systems
- Administration
- Intravenous
01
Overview
CPX-351 (Vyxeos) is a liposomal small-molecule combination chemotherapy drug that encapsulates cytarabine and daunorubicin in a fixed 5:1 molar ratio. This specific ratio was identified as synergistic in vitro for killing leukemia cells. The liposomal formulation is designed to optimize the delivery of both agents to the bone marrow and leukemia cells while potentially reducing systemic toxicity compared to conventional chemotherapy. Cytarabine is a pyrimidine nucleoside analog that inhibits DNA polymerase, thereby interfering with DNA synthesis and repair. Daunorubicin is an anthracycline that intercalates into DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II, leading to DNA strand breaks and apoptosis. Vyxeos is FDA-approved for the treatment of adults with newly-diagnosed therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML) or AML with myelodysplasia-related changes (AML-MRC). It is also being investigated in pediatric and young adult populations for secondary myeloid neoplasms.
- Brand names
- Vyxeos
- Other names
- daunorubicin and cytarabine liposomedaunorubicin and cytarabine liposome for injection
02
Targets
DNADNA polymerase familyTOP2A (DNA topoisomerase II)
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