decitabine + mesenchymal stem cells

Decitabine is a hypomethylating agent that functions as a cytidine antimetabolite, incorporating into DNA and irreversibly binding DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), particularly DNMT1. This action leads to DNA hypomethylation and the reactivation of tumor suppressor genes, promoting cell differentiation and apoptosis in malignant cells. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells with potent immunomodulatory and regenerative properties, often used to modulate the immune environment or support hematopoietic recovery. The combination of decitabine and MSCs is primarily explored in the treatment of hematological malignancies, such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), as well as in the management of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). Research suggests that decitabine may enhance the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs by altering the epigenetic landscape of either the MSCs themselves or the target malignant cells, potentially improving outcomes in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Other names

5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine + mesenchymal stem cellsdecitabine + MSCsdecitabine and mesenchymal stem cells