durvalumab + BCG

**Durvalumab + BCG** is a combination therapy consisting of **durvalumab**, a human IgG1 monoclonal antibody targeting programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), and **BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin)**, a live attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis used as an intravesical immunotherapy. Durvalumab inhibits PD-L1, enabling T-cell activation and anti-tumor responses; BCG stimulates a localized immune response in the bladder mucosa, inducing a broad inflammatory milieu that targets tumor cells. This combination is being developed to enhance the immune-mediated eradication of **non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC)**, particularly in high-risk or BCG-unresponsive settings. Recent phase 1 and phase 3 trials demonstrate that co-administration is feasible and safe, with preliminary data suggesting an improved complete response (CR) rate and disease-free survival (DFS) compared to BCG alone. The main ongoing development is for high-risk NMIBC, both BCG-naive and BCG-unresponsive populations[1][2][3][4][6].

Brand names

Imfinzi

Other names

Bacillus Calmette-GuérinBacillus Calmette-Guerindurvalumab plus BCG