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E1 + G1 is an investigational combination therapy consisting of a recombinant human epidermal growth factor (E1) and a gastrin analogue (G1). Originally developed by Transition Therapeutics and later acquired by OPKO Health, this regenerative biologic therapy is designed to treat Type 1 diabetes by restoring pancreatic beta-cell mass. The treatment aims to stimulate both the neogenesis of new islet cells from ductal precursor cells and the replication of existing beta cells. By acting as a dual agonist for the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) and the Cholecystokinin B receptor (CCKBR), the combination therapy seeks to re-establish endogenous insulin production and reverse hyperglycemia. Clinical development has primarily focused on Phase 1 and Phase 2 trials to evaluate safety and efficacy, though concerns regarding the long-term use of EGF due to its potential role in oncogenesis have been noted.
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