empagliflozin + metformin + alogliptin

A combination oral medication comprised of **empagliflozin** (a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 [SGLT2] inhibitor), **metformin** (a biguanide antihyperglycemic agent), and **alogliptin** (a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 [DPP-4] inhibitor). This triple combination is intended for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), aiming to improve glycemic control when diet, exercise, and monotherapies or dual therapies are insufficient. - **Empagliflozin** reduces renal glucose reabsorption, thereby increasing urinary glucose excretion and lowering blood glucose levels. - **Metformin** decreases hepatic glucose production, enhances peripheral insulin sensitivity, and reduces intestinal absorption of glucose. - **Alogliptin** inhibits DPP-4, prolonging the action of incretins such as GLP-1, thereby enhancing glucose-dependent insulin secretion and suppressing glucagon release. While dual combinations such as empagliflozin + metformin and alogliptin + metformin are marketed and supported by clinical trial data, no widely available fixed-dose triple combination product of empagliflozin + metformin + alogliptin currently exists; however, the three agents may be prescribed together in practice for increased efficacy in T2DM management[1][2][3][5]. Indications include reduction of hyperglycemia, cardiovascular risk, and renal complications in T2DM.