erdafitinib + cetrelimab + carboplatin

This is an investigational combination therapy consisting of three agents: **erdafitinib** (an oral small molecule pan-fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor), **cetrelimab** (an immunoglobulin G4 monoclonal antibody targeting programmed cell death protein 1, PD-1), and **carboplatin** (an intravenous platinum-based cytotoxic chemotherapy). The combination has been evaluated in clinical trials for patients with metastatic or locally advanced urothelial carcinoma who are ineligible for cisplatin, focusing on cases with susceptible FGFR gene alterations. Erdafitinib inhibits FGFR1-4, blocking tumor cell growth signaling pathways; cetrelimab blocks immune checkpoint PD-1, promoting antitumor immune activation; and carboplatin induces apoptosis through DNA crosslinking. The rationale for the combination is to target oncogenic drivers, modulate immune response, and exert cytotoxic effects for synergistic antitumor activity in urothelial cancer[1][3][5][6][7].