fludarabine + busulfan + cytarabine

The combination of fludarabine, busulfan, and cytarabine—often referred to as the FBA regimen—is a chemotherapy protocol primarily used as a conditioning treatment before allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). - **Fludarabine** is a purine analog that inhibits DNA synthesis by interfering with DNA polymerase and ribonucleotide reductase. - **Busulfan** is an alkylating agent that causes cross-linking of DNA strands, leading to cell death. - **Cytarabine** is an antimetabolite that inhibits DNA synthesis by acting as a cytosine analog. This combination aims to maximize anti-leukemic activity while reducing toxicity compared to traditional regimens such as BuCy2 (busulfan plus cyclophosphamide). Clinical studies have shown the FBA regimen achieves similar transplant-related mortality, relapse rates, overall survival, and event-free survival compared to standard regimens but with lower incidences of early complications like acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD), diarrhea, and severe oral mucositis[1].

Other names

FBA regimen