gabapentin + dexamethasone + ketamine

This is a combination of three pharmaceutical agents—gabapentin, dexamethasone, and ketamine—used together primarily for multimodal analgesia in perioperative and postoperative pain management. Gabapentin is an anticonvulsant that modulates voltage-gated calcium channels to reduce neuropathic pain. Dexamethasone is a synthetic glucocorticoid corticosteroid with potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties, acting via the glucocorticoid receptor to inhibit pro-inflammatory pathways. Ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic that acts as an NMDA receptor antagonist, providing analgesia and anesthesia by blocking excitatory neurotransmission involved in pain perception. The combination leverages different mechanisms of action to provide synergistic or additive effects on pain control while potentially reducing opioid requirements[1][3][4][8].