gualou + xiebai

Gualou-Xiebai (GLXB) is a classic traditional Chinese herbal combination consisting of Gualou (*Trichosanthes kirilowii* Maxim, dried fruit) and Xiebai (*Allium macrostemon* Bunge, dried bulbs), typically prepared in a 2:1 weight ratio. First documented in the Eastern Han Dynasty treatise 'Jin Kui Yao Lue,' it is used clinically for the treatment of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. The formulation acts through multiple molecular mechanisms: it inhibits the LOX-1/NCOA4 axis to prevent mitochondrial ferroptosis in vascular smooth muscle cells, suppresses the P2RY12 receptor to activate lipophagy and inhibit foam cell formation, and modulates the PPARγ/LXRα pathways to regulate lipid metabolism and reduce systemic inflammation (lowering IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α). Research in ApoE-/- mouse models has demonstrated its efficacy in reducing plaque formation and improving endothelial function.

Other names

Gualou Xiebai DecoctionGualou Xiebai TangTrichosanthes kirilowii and Allium macrostemon combination