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The HLA-A*02:01-restricted VEGFR1-derived peptide vaccine is a cancer vaccine designed to target vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1). This peptide vaccine is specifically designed to be recognized by the immune system in patients who have the HLA-A*02:01 tissue type. ## Mechanism of Action The vaccine works by stimulating the immune system, particularly cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), to target cells expressing VEGFR1. VEGFR1 is involved in angiogenesis (the formation of new blood vessels), which is crucial for tumor growth and metastasis. By targeting VEGFR1, the vaccine aims to inhibit tumor angiogenesis and thereby suppress tumor growth. ## Clinical Development The vaccine has been tested in clinical trials for patients with various solid tumors. According to the search results, it has reached Phase 2 clinical trials. The peptide vaccine is administered subcutaneously, typically at lymph node sites. In clinical studies, the vaccine has shown preliminary efficacy in patients with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2). It has also been tested in combination with other peptide vaccines targeting different antigens like VEGFR2, URLC10, and KOC1 in various cancer types including esophageal cancer. ## Safety Profile Clinical trials have shown that the vaccine is generally well-tolerated. The most common adverse event reported was injection site reaction, which was typically mild (grade 1). No severe treatment-related adverse events were reported in the studies included in the search results. ## Formulation The vaccine consists of synthetic peptides that are manufactured under Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) conditions. In clinical trials, the peptides were often mixed with incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA) before subcutaneous injection to enhance the immune response. The canonical name for this drug is "HLA-A*02:01-restricted VEGFR1-derived peptide vaccine", and it belongs to the class of peptide-based cancer vaccines that are designed to stimulate specific immune responses against tumor-associated antigens.
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