immune checkpoint inhibitor + endostar

This is a combination therapy consisting of an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)—typically a monoclonal antibody targeting either programmed death 1 (PD-1) or programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)—and Endostar, a recombinant humanized endostatin. ICIs work by blocking inhibitory pathways in T cells to enhance anti-tumor immunity, while Endostar acts as an anti-angiogenic agent that inhibits tumor blood vessel formation and normalizes tumor vasculature. The combination is designed to synergistically improve antitumor efficacy by both enhancing the immune response against cancer cells and modifying the tumor microenvironment to be less immunosuppressive. This regimen has been primarily studied in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including patients with malignant pleural effusion or those who are not candidates for chemotherapy[1][5][6]. Envafolimab is one example of a PD-L1 ICI used in this combination[5]. The approach aims for improved efficacy with manageable toxicity compared to standard regimens.

Other names

immune checkpoint inhibitor and endostarICI + endostarPD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor + endostar