INO-5401 + INO-9012 + cemiplimab

This is a combination regimen comprising three agents: - **INO-5401** is a DNA-based immunotherapy (vaccine) that encodes synthetic antigens for human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), Wilms Tumor 1 (WT1), and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)—all highly relevant cancer antigens. Its purpose is to stimulate a tumor-specific immune response by generating cytotoxic T cells targeting these antigens. - **INO-9012** is a DNA-based plasmid encoding interleukin-12 (IL-12), a cytokine that functions as an immune activator by enhancing the activity and proliferation of T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. - **Cemiplimab** (brand name Libtayo) is a human monoclonal antibody that binds to programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), blocking its interaction with ligands PD-L1 and PD-L2, thus acting as an immune checkpoint inhibitor and enabling T cell-mediated anti-tumor activity. The combination is being evaluated primarily as an investigational immunotherapy for newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM), and is the subject of multiple early-phase clinical trials. The combination is intended to enhance the anti-tumor immune response by inducing tumor antigen-specific cytotoxic T cells (via INO-5401) and potentiating these effects through IL-12 immune stimulation (via INO-9012), while cemiplimab relieves immune suppression by inhibiting the PD-1 checkpoint[1][3][5].

Other names

INO-5401 + INO-9012 + Libtayo