isoniazid + rifapentine + Mycobacterium vaccae vaccine

This experimental combination regimen, often referred to as 3HPV, is being investigated for the treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). It consists of a three-month course of weekly isoniazid and rifapentine (the standard 3HP regimen) supplemented with the Mycobacterium vaccae vaccine (Vaccae). Isoniazid is a prodrug that, upon activation, inhibits the synthesis of mycolic acids, which are essential components of the mycobacterial cell wall. Rifapentine is a long-acting rifamycin derivative that inhibits bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, thereby blocking transcription. The Mycobacterium vaccae vaccine is an inactivated whole-cell immunotherapeutic agent derived from a non-pathogenic environmental mycobacterium; it is intended to modulate the host's cellular immune response, potentially enhancing the clearance of persistent or dormant Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli. The combination aims to improve the efficacy and shorten the duration of LTBI treatment compared to traditional monotherapies or shorter antibiotic-only regimens.

Other names

isoniazid plus rifapentine plus Vaccae3HP plus Vaccae