liraglutide + dapagliflozin + metformin

This is a combination of three antidiabetic agents used for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The components are: - **Liraglutide**: A glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist that increases insulin secretion, suppresses glucagon secretion, slows gastric emptying, and reduces appetite. - **Dapagliflozin**: A sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor that reduces glucose reabsorption in the kidneys, leading to increased urinary glucose excretion and lower blood glucose levels. - **Metformin**: A biguanide that decreases hepatic glucose production, decreases intestinal absorption of glucose, and improves insulin sensitivity. This triple combination targets multiple pathophysiological mechanisms in type 2 diabetes to improve glycemic control. While dual combinations such as dapagliflozin + metformin (marketed as Xigduo XR) or liraglutide + insulin degludec (marketed as Xultophy) are approved and available[1][4], there is currently no single marketed product containing all three agents together. However, these drugs may be prescribed concomitantly in clinical practice for patients requiring intensified therapy.