MVA-5T4 + cyclophosphamide

MVA-5T4 + cyclophosphamide is a combination therapy consisting of the cancer vaccine MVA‑5T4 (also known as TroVax), which uses a modified vaccinia Ankara viral vector to deliver the tumor-associated antigen 5T4, and low-dose oral or metronomic cyclophosphamide, an alkylating chemotherapeutic agent. The 5T4 antigen is highly expressed in many carcinomas (including colorectal, renal, prostate, ovarian) but rarely on normal adult tissues. The rationale for this combination is that MVA‑5T4 stimulates anti-tumor immune responses by inducing both cellular and humoral immunity against 5T4-expressing tumor cells, while low-dose cyclophosphamide selectively depletes regulatory T-cells (Foxp3+ Tregs), thereby reducing immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment and enhancing vaccine-induced immune responses. This approach has been evaluated in phase I/II clinical trials for metastatic colorectal cancer and other solid tumors[2][6][1][4]. The combination aims to improve immunogenicity and clinical outcomes compared to either agent alone.

Brand names

TroVax + cyclophosphamide

Other names

Modified vaccinia Ankara 5T4 vaccine + cyclophosphamiderV-5T4-VAC + cyclophosphamideOXB-301 + cyclophosphamide