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This combination therapy is a multi-agent chemo-immunotherapy regimen being investigated as an induction treatment for locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). It consists of two monoclonal antibodies—**nimotuzumab**, which targets the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and **penpulimab**, a checkpoint inhibitor targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)—alongside the standard **TP** chemotherapy doublet of **docetaxel** and **cisplatin**. Nimotuzumab works by binding to EGFR, thereby inhibiting tumor cell proliferation and angiogenesis, while penpulimab restores the anti-tumor activity of T-cells by blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway. The chemotherapy components, docetaxel and cisplatin, provide cytotoxic effects by stabilizing microtubules and inducing DNA cross-linking, respectively. This quadruple combination is primarily being developed and studied by researchers at Xijing Hospital to improve response rates and survival in patients with advanced HNSCC.
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