nivolumab + pembrolizumab + toripalimab + sintilimab + tislelizumab + durvalumab

This is a combination of six monoclonal antibody drugs—nivolumab, pembrolizumab, toripalimab, sintilimab, tislelizumab and durvalumab—all of which are immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting the programmed cell death protein 1 pathway or its ligand. Nivolumab and pembrolizuma are humanized IgG4 monoclonal antibodies that block PD-1 on T cells to enhance anti-tumor immunity[2][4][5]. Toripalimab[10], sintilimab[6], and tislelizuma[6] are also anti-PD-1 antibodies developed primarily in China for various cancers. Durvalumaba is an anti-PD-L1 antibody that blocks the interaction between PD-L1 and PD-1 to restore immune response against tumor cells. These agents have been approved individually for multiple cancer types including melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), renal cell carcinoma and others; some have specific approvals such as toripalimaba for nasopharyngeal carcinoma[8][10]. All act by inhibiting negative regulators of T-cell activation in the tumor microenvironment.

Brand names

Loqtorzi (US)Tuoyi (China)Tyvyt (China)Baizean (China)

Other names

nivolumabpembrolizumabtoripalimabsintilimabtislelizumabdurvalumab