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**NK1R+ mesenchymal stem cells** are allogeneic, culture-expanded, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells expressing the **Neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R)**. Substance P is the primary endogenous ligand for NK1R, and this interaction is a key mediator of inflammation in organs such as the heart and lungs. NK1R+ MSC therapy is being developed for cardiovascular and pulmonary indications, including **ischemic heart failure** and **acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) following Covid-19**, where anti-inflammatory and regenerative properties may provide therapeutic benefit. These cells may be delivered intravenously or directly to the heart and are manufactured from pre-screened younger donors by BioCardia. The mechanism of action centers on engagement of Substance P with NK1R on MSCs, offering effects on proliferation, differentiation, migration, and local anti-inflammatory activities[2][4][3].
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