normal saline + Plasmalyte A + ringer lactate

The combination of **normal saline + Plasmalyte A + ringer lactate** refers to a comparative clinical study of three distinct intravenous crystalloid solutions used for intraoperative fluid management. This specific comparison was evaluated in a prospective, randomized, double-blind Phase 4 clinical trial (NCT03115060) conducted at the Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER) in Chandigarh, India. The study focused on patients undergoing living donor renal transplantation to assess the safety and efficacy of each fluid on intraoperative acid-base balance and electrolyte levels. Normal Saline (0.9% NaCl) is a simple isotonic solution, while Ringer Lactate and Plasmalyte A are balanced crystalloids containing various electrolytes and organic acid buffers (lactate in Ringer Lactate; acetate and gluconate in Plasmalyte A). The primary clinical concern addressed was the prevention of metabolic acidosis, particularly hyperchloremic acidosis, which can occur during the ischemia-reperfusion phase of kidney transplantation. Results indicated that balanced solutions, particularly Plasmalyte A, maintained superior pH and chloride levels compared to normal saline.

Other names

0.9% Sodium ChlorideRinger's LactateNormal Salinebalanced salt solution