PD-1 antibody + GM-CSF

PD-1 antibody + GM-CSF is a combination immunotherapy regimen that includes a monoclonal antibody targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). The PD-1 antibody acts as an immune checkpoint inhibitor, blocking the interaction between PD-1 on T cells and its ligands to enhance T-cell-mediated antitumor responses. GM-CSF is a cytokine that promotes the maturation and function of dendritic cells and can polarize macrophages toward an anti-tumor phenotype. This combination aims to synergistically modulate both lymphoid (T cell) and myeloid compartments in the tumor microenvironment, enhancing immune recognition of tumors and overcoming resistance to checkpoint inhibition. It has been investigated primarily in patients with advanced or refractory solid tumors, often as part of regimens also including radiotherapy[1][2][4].

Other names

PD-1 inhibitor + GM-CSFanti-PD-1 antibody + GM-CSF