phenylephrine + tyramine + synephrine

This is a **combination product consisting of three sympathomimetic amines: phenylephrine, tyramine, and synephrine**. Each component has direct and/or indirect adrenergic effects: - **Phenylephrine** is a selective alpha-1 adrenergic receptor agonist that increases blood pressure, dilates the pupil, and causes vasoconstriction. It is primarily used as a decongestant, vasopressor in hypotension, and mydriatic agent[2][4]. - **Synephrine** is a naturally occurring alkaloid that primarily acts as a direct agonist at adrenergic receptors, especially alpha-1, with much lower potency at beta receptors. It can also mildly activate 5-HT and TAAR1 receptors. It is structurally related to phenylephrine and has similar vasoconstrictive and blood-pressure-raising effects[1]. - **Tyramine** is a naturally occurring monoamine compound and indirect sympathomimetic, promoting norepinephrine release from presynaptic vesicles. This can lead to blood pressure elevation and other adrenergic effects; it is mainly of pharmacological interest. This combination would produce additive or synergistic sympathomimetic effects, such as vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure, potentially raising the risk of hypertensive crises, particularly if combined with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)[2][1]. No approved or standard pharmaceutical combinations currently exist with all three agents together; this appears to be a hypothetical or research combination.

Other names

phenylephrine + tyramine + synephrine