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plasmid CD40 ligand + interleukin-2 CLL vaccine
- Development stage
- Unknown
- Lead developer
- Baylor College of Medicine
- Modality
- Prophylactic Vaccines → Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, Cell Therapies, Gene Therapies, DNA Vaccines → Plasmid DNA → DNA Therapeutics → Nucleic Acid Therapeutics
- Administration
- Subcutaneous
01
Overview
An autologous, cell-based cancer vaccine investigated for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The vaccine is produced by collecting a patient's own CLL cells and using plasmid electroporation to induce the expression of two transgenes: CD40 ligand (CD40L, CD154) and interleukin-2 (IL-2). This genetic modification is designed to overcome the inherent poor immunogenicity of CLL cells. CD40L expression triggers the upregulation of co-stimulatory molecules (CD80, CD86) and adhesion molecules (CD54) on the leukemia cells, while IL-2 promotes the activation and expansion of leukemia-reactive T cells. Clinical evaluation in a small cohort demonstrated safety and the induction of low-level Th2 immune responses, although the plasmid-based approach was found to be less potent than adenoviral-mediated gene transfer in terms of transgene expression and clinical efficacy.
- Other names
- plasmid-based CLL vaccineplasmid CD40L/IL-2 CLL vaccine
02
Targets
CD28 (Cluster of Differentiation 28)CD40 (Cluster of differentiation 40 receptor)ICAM1 (Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1)CD80 (T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD80)CD86 (T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD86)CTLA-4 (Cytotoxic t-lymphocyte–associated protein 4)IL-2R (Interleukin-2/interleukin-15 receptor complex)MHC I (MHC class I})γδ TCR (T-cell receptor)
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