pravastatin + carvedilol + perindopril

This is a combination drug consisting of three active pharmaceutical ingredients: - **Pravastatin** is an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) used to lower cholesterol and reduce the risk of cardiovascular events. - **Carvedilol** is a non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist with additional alpha-1 blocking activity, used for treating hypertension, heart failure, and left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. It reduces blood pressure and cardiac workload by blocking adrenergic stimulation[2]. - **Perindopril** is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor prodrug that lowers blood pressure by inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, thereby reducing vasoconstriction and aldosterone-mediated volume expansion[8]. The combination targets multiple pathways involved in cardiovascular disease management—lipid lowering (pravastatin), sympathetic inhibition (carvedilol), and renin-angiotensin system blockade (perindopril). Such multi-drug regimens are often used in patients with comorbid hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and heart failure or high cardiovascular risk. There may be additive or synergistic effects on blood pressure reduction when statins are combined with ACE inhibitors[4][6]. No single-pill formulation containing all three agents under a unique brand name appears to exist; this would be considered an off-label or custom polypharmacy approach.