prilocaine + epinephrine

The **Prilocaine + epinephrine** is a combination drug comprised of the local anesthetic **prilocaine** and the vasoconstrictor **epinephrine**, most commonly used in dentistry and minor surgical interventions where rapid and prolonged local anesthesia is necessary. The principal mechanism involves **prilocaine** reversibly blocking sodium ion influx in neuronal membranes, thus inhibiting nerve conduction and producing anesthesia. **Epinephrine** acts as a vasoconstrictor, reducing local blood flow, delaying systemic absorption of prilocaine, prolonging anesthesia duration, and decreasing operative bleeding. This combination is often chosen for procedures requiring both efficient local pain control and minimal bleeding. Common indications include dental procedures, minor surgeries, and emergency interventions requiring hemostasis and anesthesia[1][3][5][7]. Key safety considerations include the risk of methemoglobinemia, a rare but serious side effect particularly linked to prilocaine[3].

Brand names

Citanest ForteDentsply 4% Prilocaine and Epinephrine InjectionPrilocaine HCl 4% with Epinephrine 1:200,000 Injection

Other names

prilocaine hydrochloride and epinephrineprilocaine with epinephrineprilocaine HCl and epinephrine injection