ranitidine bismuth citrate (GSK)

Ranitidine bismuth citrate is a soluble complex of ranitidine, a histamine H2-receptor antagonist, and bismuth citrate. Developed by Glaxo (now GSK), it was designed to provide a dual-action approach for the treatment of peptic ulcers, particularly those associated with Helicobacter pylori infection. The ranitidine component reduces gastric acid secretion by competitively inhibiting histamine at the H2 receptors of gastric parietal cells. The bismuth component provides mucosal protection by forming a physical barrier over the ulcer site and exerts direct bactericidal activity against H. pylori. It was typically used in combination with antibiotics like clarithromycin or amoxicillin as part of triple therapy regimens. However, the drug has been largely discontinued or withdrawn from global markets following the 2019-2020 recalls of ranitidine-containing products due to concerns regarding N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) contamination.

Brand names

TritecPylorid

Other names

RBCranitidine bismuthide citrate