saline solution (0.9% NaCl)

Saline solution (0.9% NaCl), also known as normal saline or physiological saline, is a sterile, isotonic crystalloid solution containing 0.9% sodium chloride in water. It is widely used in clinical settings for intravenous fluid resuscitation, extracellular volume replacement, and electrolyte replenishment, as well as a vehicle or diluent for the administration of compatible parenteral drugs. Because its osmolarity (308 mOsm/L) closely matches that of human blood plasma, it does not cause significant fluid shifts between the intracellular and extracellular compartments. In clinical trials, such as the Phase 2 study (NCT01318525) evaluating ALF-5755 for severe acute hepatitis and early-stage acute liver failure, 0.9% saline is frequently employed as a placebo comparator. It has no active pharmaceutical ingredient, specific biological target, or therapeutic mechanism of action relevant to targeted disease pathways.

Brand names

AddipakAltamistAyr SalineBD PosiflushBroncho SalineDeep SeaLittle Remedies for NosesNormal Saline FlushOceanRhinarisSaljetSimply Saline

Other names

0.9% NaCl0.9% sodium chloride0.9% sodium chloride injection0.9% sodium chloride solutionisotonic salineisotonic sodium chloride solutionnormal salinenormal saline solutionphysiological salinephysiological saline solutionsalinesodium chloride 0.9%sodium chloride 0.9% injectionsodium chloride 0.9% solution