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SF2a-TT15 + alum is a **synthetic glycan-based conjugate vaccine candidate** designed to prevent infection by *Shigella flexneri* 2a, a major cause of shigellosis. The vaccine consists of a chemically synthesized pentadecasaccharide (15-mer) oligosaccharide that mimics the O-antigen of *S. flexneri* 2a, covalently conjugated to tetanus toxoid (TT) via a thiol-maleimide linker. The vaccine is formulated with aluminum hydroxide (alum; trade name Alhydrogel) as an adjuvant to enhance immunogenicity. Preclinical and phase 1 human studies demonstrated that the vaccine is strongly immunogenic, safe, and induces functional bactericidal antibodies against a wide range of circulating SF2a strains. The addition of alum further augments the immune response and helps maintain antibody titers over time[1][2][3][5]. The approach represents a breakthrough as the first-in-human example of a fully synthetic, homogeneous glycan-protein conjugate vaccine advancing to clinical evaluation.
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