sodium butyrate + sodium propionate

The combination of sodium butyrate and sodium propionate represents a therapeutic approach utilizing short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which are natural fermentation products of the gut microbiota. **Sodium butyrate** is a well-characterized inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDACs), primarily affecting Class I and IIa HDACs. This inhibition promotes histone hyperacetylation, leading to the transcriptional regulation of genes involved in cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and the suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines through the inhibition of the NF-κB pathway. **Sodium propionate** complements this activity by acting as a potent agonist for G protein-coupled receptors, specifically Free Fatty Acid Receptor 2 (FFAR2/GPR43) and Free Fatty Acid Receptor 3 (FFAR3/GPR41). Activation of these receptors on enteroendocrine cells and leukocytes modulates immune responses and stimulates the release of metabolic hormones like glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). Together, these salts are used to maintain intestinal barrier integrity, reduce mucosal inflammation, and are being investigated for systemic metabolic benefits in obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Brand names

AdimixRebutixRebutin

Other names

butyrate and propionate saltsshort-chain fatty acid combinationSCFA combo