treosulfan + etoposide + fludarabine

This is a combination chemotherapy regimen consisting of three small molecule agents: treosulfan, etoposide, and fludarabine. Each drug has a distinct mechanism of action: - **Treosulfan** is an alkylating agent that induces DNA cross-linking and cell death. - **Etoposide** is a topoisomerase II inhibitor that causes DNA strand breaks by interfering with the re-ligation step of the enzyme's normal function. - **Fludarabine** is a purine analog antimetabolite that inhibits DNA synthesis by incorporating into DNA and RNA, leading to chain termination. The combination has been studied primarily as part of conditioning regimens for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT), particularly in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. The combined ex vivo drug resistance profile to these three agents (sometimes referred to as the "FTE score") may help stratify children with AML undergoing stem cell transplantation or indicate the need for additional post-transplant therapy[1][7]. While combinations such as treosulfan plus fludarabine are FDA-approved for preparative regimens in AML/MDS[2][5], adding etoposide represents an intensified approach used in specific clinical protocols.

Other names

FTE regimenfludarabine, treosulfan and etoposide combination