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trimethoprim + sulfamethoxazole
- Development stage
- Approved
- Lead developer
- Roche
- Modality
- Small Molecules
- Administration
- Oral, Intravenous
01
Overview
Trimethoprim + sulfamethoxazole is a fixed-dose combination antibiotic consisting of one part trimethoprim and five parts sulfamethoxazole. It is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections, including urinary tract infections, middle ear infections (otitis media), bronchitis, traveler's diarrhea, shigellosis (bacillary dysentery), and to prevent or treat Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP) in immunocompromised patients[1][3][5]. The two components act synergistically by inhibiting successive steps in the folate synthesis pathway essential for bacterial DNA replication. Sulfamethoxazole inhibits dihydropteroate synthase, blocking the conversion of para-amino-benzoic acid (PABA) to dihydrofolic acid; trimethoprim inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, preventing the reduction of dihydrofolic acid to tetrahydrofolic acid[5]. This dual blockade results in effective inhibition of bacterial growth.
- Brand names
- BactrimBactrim DSSeptraSeptra DSSMZ-TMP PediatricSulfatrimSulfatrim PediatricApo-SulfatrimNovo-TrimelNu-CotrimoxSepta Pediatric
- Other names
- trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole
02
Targets
DHFR (Dihydrofolate reductase)DHPS (Dihydropteroate synthase)
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